What is the supreme law of the land?

The supreme law of the land is defined as the Constitution of the United States. This designation is established in Article VI, Clause 2 of the Constitution, often referred to as the Supremacy Clause. It asserts that the Constitution, along with federal laws made pursuant to it and treaties, takes precedence over state laws and constitutions. This framework is crucial for maintaining a cohesive legal structure across the nation, ensuring that federal laws are uniformly applied and that individual rights are protected against state interventions that may contradict federal mandates.

The Constitution serves not only as the foundation for American law but also as a living document, allowing for amendments and adaptations as society evolves. In contrast, the Declaration of Independence, while a pivotal historical document outlining the principles of democracy and human rights, does not serve as law. The Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the Constitution and specifically focuses on individual liberties but operates within the framework established by the Constitution itself. The Articles of Confederation, which were the first attempt at governing the United States after independence, proved inadequate and were ultimately replaced by the Constitution, reaffirming the latter as the supreme legal authority.